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Providence RN Q & A: Coughs
Question: I have a terrible cough that won't go away – what could be causing it, and when should I call my doctor?
Answer: Coughs can often be an annoying irritation in your throat, but they keeps the airways in your throat and upper lungs clear. If dust, fluid, viruses or bacteria block any part of this area of your body, your cough reflex takes action.
Coughs are almost always symptoms of a larger problem. Those accompanied by a runny nose or fever generally point to a respiratory tract infection or a more serious disease. Coughs can result from an asthma attack, chronic inflammation of the nose and even as a side effect of medications (especially those for blood pressure).
There are two basic types of coughs – productive and nonproductive. Productive coughs bring up mucus, often generated by a bacterial or viral infection. Nonproductive coughs – caused by an irritated throat – expel little, if any, mucus. Dry coughs are usually chronic and can be caused by asthma, smoking, allergies or congestive heart failure.
Remedies
If you have a cough that is producing mucus, it is important to expel the substance. To loosen the mucus, drink plenty of fluids and use a humidifier or steamer to keep your airways moist. Dry coughs should generally be suppressed with an antitussive cough medication – unless your cough is due to asthma, in which case you should treat it with an inhaler.
When to Call Your Doctor
The three other most common causes of a persistent cough are asthma, postnasal drip and gastroesophageal reflux disorder. Remember, treating the cough doesn't treat the problem behind it. If your cough produces blood or persists more than a week, call your doctor.
Finally, because a cough expels germs, always cover your mouth with a disposable tissue and be sure to wash your hands frequently.
Providence RN Medical Advice Line – a 24 hour nurse advice line, exclusively for Providence Health Plan members.
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